I recently visited the Japanese Traditional Crafts Exhibition, where the featured works were metalcraft. I was captivated by the intricate beauty and precision of the metalwork pieces I saw for the first time. In this article, I’d like to briefly introduce the fascinating world of metalcraft. I'll explain its history and techniques as simply as possible, so please keep reading!

What is Japanese Traditional Metalcraft?

Japanese metalcraft, or 'kinko,' is a form of traditional craft that utilizes metal, and it has been passed down through generations since ancient times. By skillfully working and carving metal, artisans create intricate and beautiful decorative items and works of art. This field of craftsmanship blends functionality with artistry, and its works, which take full advantage of the properties of metals, are highly regarded both in Japan and around the world.

Basic Definition of Metalcraft

Metalcraft involves using metal as a material and employing techniques such as forging, casting, engraving, and inlaying to create decorations, tools, or sculptures. While metalcraft encompasses various techniques, the following three methods are its fundamental pillars:

• Casting (Chukin) Casting involves melting metal and pouring it into molds to create various items. It is an ancient technique primarily used for making large crafts or sculptures, characterized by its ability to produce detailed and complex shapes.
  Famous Example: The Statue of Liberty in France was made using casting techniques.
• Forging (Tankin) Forging is the process of shaping metal by hammering it. Thin sheets of metal are hammered into various forms, and this technique is often used for making utensils, weapons, and decorative items, producing pieces that combine strength and delicacy.
  Famous Example: The Japanese katana sword is a prominent work made using forging techniques.
• Engraving (Chokin) Engraving is a technique where patterns and designs are carved into the surface of metal. This allows for highly detailed decoration, particularly in jewelry and small items. One special engraving technique is called 'zogan,' or inlay, which involves embedding different metals into engraved recesses to create intricate and beautiful designs.
  Famous Example: The Fabergé eggs from Russia and the Goryeo inlaid celadon from Korea are famous works using engraving techniques.

Differences from Other Traditional Crafts

Metalcraft differs from other traditional crafts like pottery or woodworking in that it primarily uses metal as the material. Working with metal requires furnaces that reach high temperatures and specialized tools, making it a more technically demanding craft. While pottery involves shaping and firing clay, metalcraft manipulates the physical properties of metal to form shapes, requiring a higher level of precision and craftsmanship.